Before 1870 cranes were fixed to a position, but there were some exceptions which were fixed on flatcars which gave them restricted movement. After that, cranes which worked with steam power were built by Appleby Brothers in Paris in 1867 and Vienna in 1873. Appleby Crop. Started to produce truck-mounted cranes. Major crane development events include adoption of the internal combustion engine in 1922 and the invention of telescopic jibs. Major crane development events include adoption of the internal combustion engine in 1922 and the invention of telescopic jibs. Before 1960, cranes carried additional booms with them to increase height, which increased operating costs. In 1959 crane expert R.H.Neal, hydraulics specialist F.Taylor, and design director Bob Lester integrated all three and modernized cranes. The Coles Hydra Speedcrane appeared in 1962, further modified with the 10-ton fully telescopic hydraulic boom in 1966, followed in 1968 by the 30-ton “Husky” military versions with four-wheel drive. From 1900 to 1960 the mobile crane industry was born, developed, and established as integral to construction markets of all kinds. Since then it has gone through evolution.
Modern mobile cranes come with a hydraulic-powered telescopic boom crane. It is equipped with outriggers and stabilizers extended from the side and allows for making a greater working radius to lift heavy loads effectively. Modern models are being used to address a multitude of works for urban and infrastructure development. Additionally, it is foreseeing great demand for the excavation of raw materials from open-cast mining fields. Given below are different types of mobile crane models used across sites in India.
Types of mobile cranes
Hydraulic mobile cranes for increasing lifting range
The latest models are equipped with superior lifting capabilities and customization to meet Indian Lifting requirements, with the longer boom configuration. The latest models come with a boom length of 73 metres and a lifting height of 115 metres. A self-compensating snatch block helps precision handling, while the hydraulically operated winch has built-in safety brakes. The crane models are available in combinations of 2 Wheel and 4 Wheel drive, with or without outriggers. The cranes also have the latest safety features, a GPS monitoring system, an ultra-long boom for a wide working radius, and the latest electronic & Hydraulic controls system. Optional attachments include fly jibs for additional reach along X-axis and Y-axis; safe load indicator with overload and over hoist cut-off ensures the safety at the site.
Pick and Carry Hybrid Cranes for moving and erecting material
The latest range of pick and carry cranes comes with an engine compatible with CNG and a robust straight axle backend. The crane models have a truck-like look and turning radius of just 6.3m along with standard features. Powered with Hybrid Engine, the crane offers a low operating cost and rear deck utility for the movement of material and manpower from one site to another. It has 3 parts fully powered boom with a maximum height of 13m and 14×24 heavy-duty rear tyres that ensure the machine’s long life .The crane is equipped with front outriggers for stability and safety during erection or high-height work. These Next Gen cranes can also do a slew of applications for both material and men handling with a basket.
Truck-mounted mobile crane with accurate load configurations
The space available on sites is often constricted. It is frequently impossible to extend all the outriggers of the mobile crane evenly. The increased safety and ease of use take the strain off the crane driver who can concentrate fully on the hoist. The software equipped in the models enables work to be carried out safely in constricted areas. This ensures safe working practice with any chosen support base. It also delivers higher lifting capacities and a larger working range. The greatest advantages are made in the areas directly above the outriggers. The variable support base also delivers improvements for hoisting at the front and rear. With just a little ballast, the mobile cranes can almost achieve the lifting capacity values from the standard table with high ballast. This reduces the amount of ballast that has to be transported for crane jobs.
All-terrain mobile crane with control system
The latest version of its six-axle all-terrain crane is in demand. They come with a luffing jib. With an 80m main boom, the all-terrain crane can perform jobs at heights up to 78m or at a 74m radius without rigging a jib and is ideal for tower crane erection. They are preferred for superior reach and fly-over capabilities, by bringing the maximum system length up to 118m. With the Plus control system, it can calculate the safe lifting capacities of the crane in real-time and for all variations in the crane’s outrigger positions and counterweight. The system allows a crane to lift beyond the standard 360° load charts, and therefore perform jobs usually reserved for larger machines. Even though all-terrain cranes are compact, they still offer exceptional visibility from the cab to help operators have a full view of the work area. All-terrain cranes are some of the largest, most mobile cranes available today. They combine the best of both worlds: the mobility of truck-mounted cranes and the manoeuvrability of rough terrain cranes.
Crawler mobile cranes with Positioning adjustment system
New hybrid models track the positioning system. This allows both symmetrical and asymmetrical track positions during reduced track width operation, providing optimum lifting performance at any track width. Track width is continuously monitored by the machine and the data is provided. The system is the ideal solution for cranes working in congested job sites at less than full track width. The new model c also includes a single-engine, great highway speed and asymmetric outriggers.
Telescopic handler mobile crane with Smart mechanisation
Manufacturers are now providing smart mechanised solutions for mobile cranes. From workstation lifting systems to industrial needs, mole cranes are offering Smart Features for projects. The lifting capacity of the supplied cranes varied from 250 kilos to 10,000 kilos. Hybrid overhead travelling cranes can be loaded with smart features that give you control of the material handling in your production processes. New models are simplified fly assembly with new ground-level carrier controls. One control raises and lowers the boom angle from 0 to -3 degrees, and another control is used for the fly assist cylinder.
Stiff boom mobile crane for challenging terrains
Latest mobile cranes have the option of operating at asymmetric outrigger positions, thus allowing the crane to work at challenging sites where pre-existing structures do not allow enough space for placement of the cranes. The tyre mounted cranes feature calibration-free technology elimination which helps to frequently calibrate load moment indicators that saves valuable time during assembly of the cranes at the job site. The safety systems consist of mechanical, electronic and hydraulic protection, safe load indicator with overload prevention, wind speed alarm, alarm for operation on uneven ground, swing/travel alarms etc., to ensure that the operator is well informed of the operating conditions and receives alarms in case of any impending unsafe working condition. Powl locks on winch, function lock out in operator cabin, hydraulic relief valves and non-return valves contribute to the safer operation of the crane.
Conclusion
The construction of the modern urban infrastructure project involves numerous on-ground complexities, including project design, followed by its implementation. In view of this, contractors are gearing up for construction activities using mobile cranes that can perform well in urban sites, irrespective of the many challenges. After recognizing the concerns of the customers around stability, safety, limitation in lifting capacities, reach, versatility and accessorization, manufacturers wants to such as Til india, Liebherr Cranes India, Sany Heavy Industry India, Action Construction Equipments, Schwing Stetter India are addressing these issues with their latest mobile crane models.
Analysis of Mobile Crane
Hydraulic mobile cranes for increasing lifting range
Pick and Carry Hybrid Cranes for moving and erecting material
Truck-mounted mobile crane with accurate load configurations
All-terrain mobile crane with control system
Crawler mobile cranes with Positioning adjustment system